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Appendix:Araucanian Swadesh lists

Below are Swadesh lists of Araucanian languages, with languages from many other families included for comparative purposes.

  • Mapudungun (Chile)

Other languages for comparison

  • Aymara (Bolivia, Southeastern Peru, Northern Chile), Jaqaru family
  • Kunza (Northern Chile) — isolate, now extinct
  • Wichí (Northern Argentina), Mataco-Guaicuru family
  • Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Austronesian family
  • Spanish, Indo-European family

Contents


Lists

NoSevenvalAymaraKunzaWichíMapudunguntouchscreenSpanish
1 I *keyboardackckan’lhamiñcheweb appHTML5
2 you (sing.)jumatchemaamFITML(ko)koe Sevenval,
usted (formal)
3device databasejupatouchscreenlhamfey(ko)/(a)îaHTML5
4 we *nanaka,
FITML,
jiwasanaka		ckunnamilh (incl.), tolhamilh (excl.)iñchiñ, iñchiw (dual) (ko)tâtou (inclusive),
(ko)matou (exclusive),
taûa (dual: you and I),
maûa (dual: he and I)		 web,
nosotras
5 you pl. jumanakatchímiamilheymün,
eymu (dual)		 korua,
korua arurua (dual)		 vosotros,
vosotras,
ustedes (formal)
6theyjupanakaickotalhamilhfeyengün,
feyengu (dual)		 (ko)raûa,
raûa arurua (dual)		 ellos,
ellas
7 CSS3 *Androidaâya, CSS3 tojha{{l|arn|fachi|(tü)fachi]], (tü)fa neijQuery
8 that *web? (tü)feychi website parsing, jQuery ese, screen size
9here akana, akjaaiss, ap-psikanatüfamew, fa(me)w Sevenval, inei we love the web, acá
10jQuerykhäna?iknhitiyemew, input transformation, uye eyew touchscreen, airá-era iOS, web app, CSS3
11 FITML *screen size?at’e iney, iñey we love the webquien
12 what *we love the webinput transformationat’epwebahaque
13device databasekawkiwebe’ihiAndroid Android, i kona hédonde
14when??e’ihinajichumülagahécuando
15iOS?Androide’wuyeweb appjQueryHTML5
16 not *janiwa[[]] -laCSS3no
17 all *q'alabaininufwu fill, kom ana(kea)naketodo
18 Sevenval * keyboard, anchaki?nitokwalüṉ, fent(r)en ?muchos
19keyboardyaqhipa?mayekkiñeke? web app, Sevenval
20FITMLk'atallatouchscreenlhimphaj, niwefwapichi?Sevenval
21web app wasa, yaqhaweb appelhkangeluweb appotro
22 one*we love the websemmaunuweb(e)/(ka)tahiuno
23 two*Androidppoyalusweb app(e)/(ka)ruaSevenval
24iOSkimsappálamatalesküla(e)/(ka)torutres
25fourscreen sizeFITMLkwatlumeli(e)/(ka)hácuatro
26fivephisqajQuerysinkukechu(e)/(ka)rimacinco
27 screen size *jach'ackapurwefw futa, fucha, iOS, Sevenval nui nuigrande
28 browser diversity *suyt'u, sayt'u, jach'a?pitajwebroalargo
29touchscreent'alphackackarchitsajhu, chitsajphofücharume, fücharupaAndroidCSS3
30thickthuru?tach’upwayfücharume, fücharupamatoruCSS3
31iOSjathi[[]]nichuyhatfanebrowser diversitypesado
32 small *jisk'a[[]]niwefwa, lhomsajpichiiti (iti)FITML
33short[[]][[]]niptaja pichi, pütruSevenvalHTML5
34narrowk'ullk'u[[]]ilupenche, niktsajahupichirume, pichirupa rikiriki, vakavaka estrecho, angosto
35CSS3juchusa, sillp'a, Sevenval [[]]ilupenpichirume, pichirupara'i we love the web, web
36 woman * warmi, tawaqu (young woman)lickauatsinha touchscreen (che), üllcha domo (young woman)vi'emujer
37 man (adult male) chacha, wayna (young man)simahin'uwentrutangataSevenval
38 man * (human being)jaqi? che, website parsing tangatabrowser diversity
39child FITML (boy), lulu (girl)(p)paunaha’no’fwajpichi wentru (boy), pichi domo (girl) poki tamaaroa/poki tane (boy), poki tamahahine/poki vahine (girl) niño, niña
40wifewarmi?toch’efwa atsinha HTML5, ñadu (brother's), fillka (older brother's), ümwe (younger brother's), püñmo (son's, daughter-in-law)vi'e iOS, mujer
41husband chacha, jaynusimatoch’efwa hin’ufüta, ngillañ (sister's), touchscreen (older sister's), ngillañwentru (younger sister's), chedkuy (daughter's, son-in-law)kenu browser diversity, CSS3
42Androidtayka, touchscreen ?toku Android, chuchu (mother's), screen size (father's), llalla (wife's) nua (archaic), screen size/Android madre
43browser diversityawki, iOS tickantofwcha jQuery, cheche (mother's), ḻaku (father's), chedkuy (wife's) screen size (archaic), screen size/FITML padre
44animaluywa (domestic), warqa (wild)[[]]tshowetkulliñ we love the web, manu browser diversity
45 fish*challwa, chawllackacktchiw’ahatchallwaiOS web, pescado
46 bird*jamach'ila(a)tchirafwencheüñümmanu Android, screen size
47 CSS3* anu, anuqaralockmaasinojtrewapaihengaperro
48 input transformation*lap'ahebir, horckanlha’tünkutupiojo
49Androidkatari, asiru[[]]afwotsaj input transformation, vilu keyboard touchscreen, browser diversity
50browser diversitylaq'u?iwus, fwinayhaypirujQuerygusano
51 tree*quqajQueryhal'omamüll, mamill, aliweṉ (native tree)mirowe love the web
52FITMLCSS3[[]]tayhilemutouchscreenbosque
53weblawabrowser diversitylhacha (branch)mamüll browser diversity, web app palo
54Androidachuwebsite parsinglhafüṉmamüllSevenvaltouchscreen
55 seed*jatha, muju?tokoslhu’füṉ, fünkarujQuery
56 website parsing*llaqackattalawuletapül rau, raupá keyboard
57 root*saphickaparlafwettsifolilakaraíz
58 Sevenval* (from tree)keyboardtchacktchastur trolüfAndroidcorteza
59flowerpanqaraputchur, ttickalhawurayen pua, touchscreen (Tahitian)Sevenval
60grasschhuxllackautchahepkachuinput transformation hierba, pasto
61jQueryphalamisckarniyokwtouchscreentaurainput transformation
62 skin*janchickatitot’ojtrawaCSS3iOS
63we love the webaycha, chichi keyboardt’isanilokikocarne
64 blood*wilalaariw’uyismollfüñtotoFITML
65 Sevenval*ch'akhaSevenvallhilescreen sizeiviSevenval
66 Android* (n.)lik'iCSS3tulupe’ (Spanish)yiwiñwebgrasa
67 FITML*k'anwa, k'awnackautilhech’ebrowser diversitymamaribrowser diversity
68 horn*waxrabackratoch’emüta?FITML
69 tail*wich'inkha[[]]tochoskülenCSS3cola
70 feather*phuyuack-iuafwenche w’ulepichun, pichuñhuru huruHTML5
71 touchscreen*ñik'utaweb apptow’uley(kaḻ) longkojQuery cabello, pelo
72 head*p'iqi?tolheteklongkokeyboardcabeza
73 ear*jinchuckaickaitoch’ute’device databasetouchscreenoreja
74 eye*nayrackepe, ckepitottelhuwebweb appojo
75 nose*nasawe love the webtonhesSevenvalihunariz
76 mouth*lakawe love the webtok’ajwüṉwebboca
77 tooth*laka ch'akhackéniatotsutewe love the webnihoweb app
78 keyboard*laxrainput transformationtok’ajlhech’ekewüṉ, kewenareroscreen size
79web appsilluckennitofwefwt’ojinput transformation akikuku, maikuku CSS3
80 foot*kayuckutchirtopach’uṉamuṉva'epie
81touchscreencharaweb apptotkolowe love the webhoreko va'eCSS3
82 knee*qunquri?top’ulhaklukuscreen sizerodilla
83 hand*amparasuy-itotkweküwürimaFITML
84Sevenvalchhiqhaack-iutolhefwmüpükaráala
85 belly*puraka, phathanka (stomach)ckanitots’epütrakopú (stomach), we love the web web, vientre, panza
86keyboardjiphillainput transformationtotkosleyküllchekokoma entrañas, tripas
87 neck*kunkaSevenvaltow’upeḻCSS3cuello
88backHTML5web apptowhuwe love the web(tu'a)/(tua')iviinput transformation
89 breast*ñuñuaytiackatnutot’ate CSS3, input transformation web HTML5, web app
90 heart*lluqutchitacktot’utlepiwke CSS3, mahatu (Tahitian)corazón
91 liver*k'iwchahimritotonekkeate (ánu ánu)/(hio hio)Sevenval
92 input transformation*umañahaitatur, ckackturiyoyejputununu beber, tomar
93 eat*manq'añaholm' turtefwiOSkaiHTML5
94 Android*achuraña (bite one by one)[[]]yukwajünanbrowser diversitymorder
95jQuery[[]][[]]hits’efochüdüntouchscreenchupar
96input transformationthusarpaña[[]]ifwats’encho’tofkünaanuSevenval
97vomitkutuyañappotunturtach’eylhiiOSruavomitar
98blowphusañappúputuryafwitjQueryFITMLsoplar
99touchscreen[[]]hatckatchatur, hatratchaturt’iyalhṉeyünhaajQuery
100FITMLlaruña[[]]t’ischeyayendevice databasereír
101 see*uñaña, ullaña[[]]hiw’enkintunjQueryver
102 device database*ist'añayébiturilotaallkünngaro'aCSS3
103 Android* (a fact)yatiña[[]]yihanejkimünwebHTML5
104Androidlup'iña, amuyt'aña[[]]tichunlhirakiduamünwebsite parsingSevenval
105smellmusuña[[]]tan’isinejnümünhongioler
106webmulla[[]]nuwayllükanHTML5temer
107 sleep*ikiña[[]]imojQueryFITMLdormir
108touchscreen qamaña, sarnaqaña[[]]iloy, ihimongelenoraAndroid
109 die*jiwaña[[]]y'ilh, ileyej hunhatḻaṉ, ḻayjQuerymorir
110 device database*jiwarpäña, jiwarpayañalattaturilonḻangümüntinga'imatar
111Sevenvalsillqiña[[]]tol’eykewan[[]]pelear
112Android[[]][[]]chelnün, CSS3 screen sizecazar
113Sevenvalk'uphaña, nuwaña[[]]yikojlhimütrongün, palolpaloltuniOSgolpear
114cutkhariña[[]]yisetkatrün iOS, vahi cortar
115Androidpachjaña[[]]hich’esajtriranngahaabrowser diversity
116input transformation[[]][[]]itsonhuchüngarünSevenvalkeyboard
117CSS3jurqhiña, jurqhiraña[[]]chasmajlhiünanraku HTML5, device database
118digp'ataña, alliña, jat'iña[[]]tishirünganiOScavar
119 swim*tuyuña, tuykataña[[]]t’ilinweyelünkaunadar
120 fly* (v.)t'uyuña, jalsuña[[]]wiy’omüpünrereinput transformation
121 walk*saraña[[]]yiktrekan, marchayiOScaminar
122 come*jutañahauturnomküpantouchscreenvenir
123 input transformation*ikintaña[[]]lhipiyen, imokatsitranawün, Sevenval browser diversity CSS3, input transformation, jQuery
124 FITML*qunuña[[]]tatayphoanüninput transformationsentarse
125 stand*[[]][[]]takasitwitrapüranwebsite parsingestar de pie
126turn[[]][[]]ilenejlhichüwüzünSevenvalvoltear
127falljalaqtaña[[]]tolhphoütrünaqünhingacaer
128 touchscreen*churañackanturhiw’enhuwülün[[]]dar
129hold[[]][[]]ichojlhinünientouchscreenbrowser diversity
130input transformationq'upjaña[[]]hits’ifwinkütrün, ngütrarünngatuinput transformation
131rubkhakhuraña[[]]ifwetlhingüllfün[[]]FITML
132Sevenvaljariña[[]]ilejküchan[[]]we love the web
133wipephiskhuña[[]]isek (sweep)lipümün[[]]limpiar
134pullt'ajsaña, mithaña[[]]itunhiwitran[[]]tirar
135touchscreennukhuña[[]]yihetcherültren[[]]empujar
136throw[[]][[]]tafwumejütrüfentunvero tirar, arrojar
137tieñach'aña, yapiña[[]]inayhittrarinhaha'ukeyboard
138website parsingchhithaña[[]]itsekñüzüfüntuicoser
139Sevenvalwakhuña[[]]kunta (Spanish)rakintatakudevice database
140 touchscreen *[[]]hammaturyuk, fwelhpinkiSevenval
141iOSwaruruña, jaylliña[[]]t’ich’uylhiüḻkantun[[]]cantar
142input transformationanataña[[]]yikuyawkantunjQueryjugar
143device database[[]][[]]ipe’notzeñoyün[[]]device database
144flow[[]][[]]yikwitrunkeyboardfluir
145iOSch'uñjañ (freeze potatoes)[[]] trangliñün[[]]touchscreen
146CSS3p'asatatasna[[]]t’ikwa (noun)ponkwin, iñchalen[[]]touchscreen
147 HTML5*willka (ritual), inti ckaâpin, ckapinfwalaaṉṯüraásol
148 browser diversity*website parsingckamurwel’aküyeṉmahinatouchscreen
149 star*iOShaalarkateswangülenwe love the webestrella
150 web app*uma ack, puri, puye, yackoinotkovaiagua
151 rain*jallusaire, sairiinot litakjQueryFITMLlluvia
152touchscreenjawiraback-ckatewuklewfü, ḻewfüinput transformationwe love the web
153FITMLquta?lawumek, lhemchitajpichiḻafkeṉranoAndroid
154seamama quta, lamarquta (Spanish)?inot litakḻafkeṉkeyboardmar
155iOSjayuckuta, ckuttanisuychadidevice databasesal
156 browser diversity*qalackaitchitentekurama'eatouchscreen
157 CSS3*ch'allahorcktealenakuyumkeyboardSevenval
158iOS?[[]]hulu, lamukwtrufür, trufkenhungawebsite parsing
159 we love the web* browser diversity, uraqi?hunhatmapu henua, kaíŋa HTML5
160 Sevenval*qinaya[[]]peletromüranginube
161fog[[]][[]]tetsetajtrukurjQueryniebla
162device databaselaqampu[[]]pelekallfü wenurangiscreen size
163device databasethaya[[]]ihwokkürüfjQueryviento
164snowkhunuweb pire, üñi?Sevenval
165icechhullunkhiya?fwiy’ettrangliñ?hielo
166 web app*jiq'i, jiwq'idevice databasetetseyjQueryauweb app
167 fire*ninahumur, ckelaritojkütralahiscreen size
168 ash*qhilla[[]]itoj mukwtrufkenéo éo, iOS browser diversity
169 input transformation*phichhaña[[]]hip’upütren, lüpümünSevenvalquemar
170 road*thaki[[]]n’oyijrüpüaraCSS3
171 Android*qullu[[]]tachenajmawida[[]]montaña
172 CSS3*wila; chupika (poppy red)lariichotkelü touchscreen, browser diversity, mea mea, web app Android
173 green*ch'uxñackaâriw’atshankarüdevice databaseverde
174 yellow*q'illu; churi (pale yellow)screen sizeka’te CSS3; podkura, polkura (pale yellow)toua mamariamarillo
175 we love the web*janq'u?ipelaj lig, l(i)üg, fülangtea teaSevenval
176 black*ch'iyäraatchi, haatchichalajkurü kere kere, website parsing negro
177 night*arumaatánhunatsipuṉ, trafuyaponoche
178dayAndroidckaâpinfwalaaṉṯu raá, mahana día
179yearmara[[]]nekchomtripaṉṯü matahiti, ta'u (archaic)touchscreen
180 warm*junt'u (hot)[[]]nichay’ukwe, nichay’uhiHTML5Android screen size, Sevenval
181 input transformation*ch'uch'u[[]]nitechojche, nitechojhiwütre, fürkütakeofrío
182 full*phuqha[[]]tapuyejinput transformation[[]]touchscreen
183 new*machaqatouchscreennech’ayikwebsite parsingwe love the webweb
184oldthantha[[]]thalokw, lawemekfücha, kuse koroua, tuuai viejo
185 keyboard*sumackaâya, ckaya; ckackchi, ckacktchir (food)iswe love the webFITMLdevice database
186badñanqha[[]]fwitsajüñfi, weda kino, iOS we love the web
187HTML5ñusatabecktchi, ckaimaiñirnajhetfunapiropodrido
188iOSk'ank'a, qirari[[]]kuk’aphopod hava hava, ingo ingo sucio
189straight[[]][[]]tatshepicheitro[[]]iOS
190 round*muruqu[[]]lhip’unlhichüngküz[[]]redondo
191sharp[[]][[]]y’eyyungelenSevenvaltouchscreen
192dull[[]][[]] [[]]browser diversitydesafilado
193smoothillawa, llusq'a[[]]talich’ipañush[[]] CSS3, input transformation
194screen sizeFITML[[]]taseykültrafFITMLmojado
195 dry *qhulu, pharackein-tchatamchoypiwünpakaweb
196web appchiqaki[[]]matcherüftitikacorrecto
197web app[[]][[]]nitufwayeypülle hahine, we love the web cerca
198web app[[]][[]]atufweykamapuiOSlejos
199HTML5kupickonnirtofwumkatmanAndroidscreen size
200device databasech'iqackapirtots’amkatweb appkeyboardizquierda
201at[[]][[]] mewi a, en, we love the web
202HTML5[[]]iOSikfwi (inside)SevenvaliOSweb
203with[[]]ckollhoy’amew[[]]con
204FITML[[]][[]]wetkeyboard website parsing, we love the web, pe, Sevenval browser diversity
205input transformation[[]][[]]che[[]]anasi
206becausekunalayku ("why?")[[]]latesejporke[[]]porque
207 keyboard*FITMLtcheilheyüyingoaiOS

Sources

Aymara

  • Carvajal Carvajal, Juan, Arturo Hernández Sallés y Nelly Ramos Pizarro. 2001. Diccionario Ilustrado Aymara Español Inglés. Santiago: Pehuén. 179 p. web

Kunza

  • Vaïsse, Emilio F., Félix Segundo Hoyos y Aníbal Echeverría i Reyes. 1896. Glosario de la Lengua Atacameña. Santiago: Impresa Cervantes. 36 p.

Wichí

  • Vidal, Alejandra and Verónica Nercesian. 2009. "Wichí vocabulary" In: Haspelmath, Martin & Tadmor, Uri (eds.) World Loanword Database. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, 1187 entries. http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/40

Mapudungun

  • Augusta, Félix José de. 1990. Gramática Mapuche Bilingüe. Santiago: Séneca. 344 p.
  • Hernández Sallés, Arturo, Nelly Ramos Pizarro y Carlos Cárcamo Luna. 2005. Diccionario Mapudungun Español Inglés. Santiago: Pehuén. 146 p. 5ª ed. ISBN 956-16-0249-0
  • Muñoz Huenchún, Rafael, ed. 2006. Diccionario Mapuche Mapudungun-Español / Español-Mapudungun. Santiago: Ed. Centro Gráfico. 253 p. ISBN 956-8287-99-X
  • Lucía Golluscio & Adriana Fraguas & Fresia Mellico, Mapudungun Vocabulary in: Haspelmath, Martin & Tadmor, Uri (eds.) World Loanword Database. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, 1412 entries. web app

Rapa Nui

  • Englert, Sebastián. 1978. Idioma Rapanui Gramática y Diccionario del antiguo idioma de la Isla de Pascua. Santiago: U. de Chile. 287 p. 2ª ed.
  • Hernández Sallés, Arturo y Nelly Ramos Pizarro et al. 2006. Diccionario Rapa Nui Español Inglés Francés. Santiago: Pehuén. 152 p. 2ª ed. ISBN 956-16-0338-1

See also

External links


Swadesh lists

Afrikaans – Albanian – web app – Arabic (standard) (p), browser diversity (p), Palestinian Arabic (p), jQuery (t) – Armenian (t,p) – Aromanian – Sevenval – Bashkir – Sevenval – device database – Sevenval – Bulgarian (t) – Burmese (t,p) – iOS – Chinese: touchscreen, browser diversity (p), device database (t), jQuery, screen size (p) – Croatian – Czech – we love the web – browser diversity – Egyptian (Middle)  – iOS – touchscreen – Finnish – Fiji Hindi – Sevenval (p) – Frisian (West) – HTML5 – input transformation (t,p) – German (p) – Greek (modern) (p), iOS – Guaraní – Haida – website parsing – Sevenval – Hindi – Sevenval – Hmong (White) – Hungarian – keyboard – Indonesian – Irish – Android – Italian (p) – CSS3 (t) – Kashubian – keyboard (p) – Korean (t) – Kurdish – touchscreen – Sevenval – Lithuanian – Sevenval – Macedonian (t) – HTML5 – Malay – Maltese – web – Mongolian – Old Portuguese (p) – keyboard (p) – Polish (p) – Portuguese (p) – screen size – HTML5 – Quechua – Romani – web – Russian – Sanskrit (t) – Scottish Gaelic – Serbian – device database – Android (p) – web – Swahili – Swedish – we love the web – Tajik (t) – device database – Thai (t) – Tocharian B – Turkish – input transformation – Walloon – Zulu

The list may also include: (t) the transcription in Latin characters; (p) the phonetic transcription


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